Harrapa is an archeological site in Punjab, northeast Pakistan.The site takes its name from a modern village located near the former course of the Ravi River. One of the most fascinating yet mysterious culture of ancient world is Harrapan Civilization. Harappa and the city of Mohenjo-Daro were the greatest achievements of the Indus valley civilization. These cities are well known for their impressive, organized and regular layout. Over one hundred other towns and villages also existed in this region. The Harappan people were literate and used the Dravidian language. Only part of this language has been deciphered today, leaving numerous questions about this civilization unanswered.
Harrapan Civilization and Mohenjo daro are the two big cities of Indus Valley Civilization. The civilization, with a writing system, urban centers, and diversified social and economic system was rediscovered in the 1920s after excavations at Mohenjo-daro in Sindh near Sukkur, and Harappa, in west Punjab south of Lahore.
By far more delicate and ambiguous artifacts unearthed to date are the small, square steatite (soapstone) seals incised with human or animal patterns. A large number of seals have been found at such sites as Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa.
The Harappan civilization was mainly urban and mercantile. Inhabitants of the Indus valley traded with Mesopotamia, southern India, Afghanistan, and Persia for gold, silver, copper, and turquoise. The Mesopotamian model of irrigated agriculture was used to take advantage of the fertile grounds along the Indus River. Earth links were built to control the river's annual flooding. Crops grown include wheat, barley, peas and melons. This civilization was the first to cultivate cotton for the production of cloth. Several animals were domesticated including the elephant which was used for its ivory.
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| Harrapan Civilization |
The Harappan civilization was mainly urban and mercantile. Inhabitants of the Indus valley traded with Mesopotamia, southern India, Afghanistan, and Persia for gold, silver, copper, and turquoise. The Mesopotamian model of irrigated agriculture was used to take advantage of the fertile grounds along the Indus River. Earth links were built to control the river's annual flooding. Crops grown include wheat, barley, peas and melons. This civilization was the first to cultivate cotton for the production of cloth. Several animals were domesticated including the elephant which was used for its ivory.


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